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Many children have suffered lead poisoning. Find out the symptoms and complications and how you can go about getting compensation if your child has suffered lead paint poisoning.

Despite implementation of regulatory preventative measures, lead poisoning remains a chronic health issue, particularly for children. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates 310,000 children have elevated lead levels. The US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Agency approximates one in 6 children has a high lead level in their blood.

Children are vulnerable to lead poisoning as their absorption rate is much higher than adults. Gastrointestinal absorption in children is 40 to 50 percent, versus 3 to 10 percent in adults.

Chronic lead paint poisoning is cumulative over a long period of time. Toxic concentration may occur after many years of a minimal degree of exposure to lead paint. Chronic lead poisoning is the most common form. Acute lead poisoning infrequently occurs due to the large amount of lead intake required over a relatively short period of time.

Lead paint was banned in 1978 after scientists discovered its harmful effects. However, low income children still tend to have higher susceptibility to lead paint poisoning. They typically reside in older homes or buildings that pre-date the prohibition of lead paint and whose building owners may not have deleaded their properties. Federal law requires states lead paint hazards known by sellers, landlords and realtors must be disclosed.

However, it is not necessary for children to live in a building containing lead paint to suffer poisoning. Regularly visiting a home which has lead paint or is in the process of being remodeled or deleaded poses a risk.

Lead paint becomes brittle over time and deteriorates. This disintegration produces lead dust, particularly around windowsills and door frames where friction is caused by the opening and closing of windows and doors. The dust settles on surfaces children come in contact with, such as floors and toys, and is transferred to their mouths by hands and toys.

Another factor in lead paint poisoning is chipping or peeling. A child who eats a chip the size of a thumbnail will have ingested enough lead to be life endangering.

Children suffering from lead paint poisoning may exhibit any of the following symptoms:

Anemia Learning disabilities Hyperactivity Mental retardation Kidney malfunction Hearing Loss Headaches

Infants in utero exposed to lead may have the additional concerns of:

Low birth weight Low gestational age Growth retardation Delayed sexual maturation in females.

A blood test is the only conclusive method to diagnose lead poisoning. For children at risk from lead paint poisoning, it is recommended blood tests be performed at six months of age. All other children should be tested at one and two years old. Testing is vital as the child may not demonstrate any symptoms of lead poisoning.

Some states have mandatory lead poisoning blood tests for children. The ages of testing may vary according to the state.

By: Richard Hastings

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Caffeinated Content

Traditionally, food distributors, and the nutrition industry has used Recommended Daily Allowance or RDA as the yard stick for measuring the amount of vitamins and nutrients the human body needs to function properly. Obviously, these nutrients come from the food we consume. However, when discussing the actual supply of those nutrients in the food, RDA assumes an even availability of all food groups to all people. That just doesn’t work well across all demographics.

Compare the lifestyle of someone who has makes an above average income, but has a very busy lifestyle and very little time to shop for food, cook and prepare it versus a median income household with one spouse that takes care of the grocery shopping and food preparation.

The person with a faster paced lifestyle tends to gravitate towards convenience foods that are quick and easy to prepare but possess lower nutritional value. The person that has the time to shop for and prepare the proper balanced foods, will inherently stand a better chance of a balance and proper vitamin and nutrition intake. It is for this reason that the better discussion method is “food supply nutrients” which uses a per capita basis.

First estimated in World War II, food supply nutrients assess the nutrients availability and their value in the food supply. This was basically used as a goal to measure those same values in our Allies. Over the years they have been updated to adjust for the use of food composition data, commodity values, advances in technology, and changes in specific industry fortification policy and marketing practices. Health concerns amid nutrition science discoveries since the 1970′s have also been influential in those same industries and the population as a whole and monitoring nutritional values.

This allows for unique information on the amount of available nutrients and what vitamins nutritional supplements may be needed in ore to meet the RDA. Specifically based on gender and age group, nutrient goals have historically been based on the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA), and absolutely essential basis to meet the nutritional needs of the U.S. population.

Even taking nutrition supply per capita, most people still are not getting the proper vitamins and minerals in their daily diets, and must take vitamins nutrition supplements to meet their age and gendered specific allowance.

By: Adrien Williams

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Caffeinated Content – Members-Only Content for WordPress

Weight loss surgery is one of the surgical methods performed. The patients who had bariatric surgery are not satisfied regarding the weight loss and had complications after surgery, laparoscopic surgeries are performed commonly if extensive scarring has resulted in bariatric procedure.

Weight loss surgery classifications:

1. Malabsorptive procedural methods

2. Restrictive procedural methods

3. Mixed procedurals methods

Malabsorptive procedural methods: In this Malabsorptive method the main idea is limiting the quantity of food, altering the digestion process. The stomach size is also reduced. This procedure is mainly based on malabsorption creation. The structure of small intestine is altered to redirect pancreatic and bile juice as they assemble ingested food in the small intestine. Here the absorption of calories and nutrients are condensed.

Biliopancreatic Diversion (BPD) is a type of bariatric procedure where the intake of food is stopped from entering the stomach. The nutrients and calories absorbed are both restricted. In BPD method the stomach portion is removed. End segment of the small intestine is directly linked to the small pouch, entirely bypassing the jejunum and the duodenum. The digestive juices (pancreatic, bile) are maintained in a common limb.

Gastric Bypass (RYGBP-E): RYGBP-E is an optional way to achieve malabsorption by separating small gastric pouch by leaving the remaining stomach in place. The digestive juices are diverted to the stomach and attached to small intestine. This method is taken with some of the functioning risks by taking away 3\4 of the lower stomach.

Advantages:

• These surgical procedures commonly result in greater degree of patient’s satisfaction as they can have a larger meal than with above mentioned procedures
• If patient maintains proper diet habits, exercises, behavioral aspects than can be successful l in weight loss.

Risks:

• Ulcers and Intestinal irritations are caused by digestive juices.
• Vitamin supplements are needed lifelong.
• There are greater chances of producing gallstones in the gallbladder and sometimes gallbladder removal is needed because of the changes done in the intestine.

Restrictive procedural methods: In this the food intake is minimized as the stomach is made smaller.
Gastric Restrictive Procedure LAP-BAND: In this upper part of the stomach is tied with a band which is inflatable and made out of silicone. The pouch is thus created and the outlet from it is restricted and it gives the feeling of fullness.

Gastric Restrictive Procedure – Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy: This is designed for high risk patients. In this procedure duodenum is switched. In this the size of the stomach is made very small and appetite is also decreased.

Vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG): With the help of the surgical staples the stomach is divided into two unequal half’s the upper half is small and the food is emptied into the lower part this is managed with the small opening which is rounded with a band.

Advantages:

• Less invasive method
• Complication percentages are low
• Death rate is lower.

Disadvantages:

• Originally weight loss is slow
• Regular checkups are necessary for best possible results
• Many people who have undergone these procedures had weight loss half of the excess present body weight

Mixed procedural methods: Both Malabsorptive procedural methods and Restrictive procedural methods are applied at the same time.

By: Nancy P Shevell

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